Prevalence of the genus Malassezia in the Mammalia

Publication Type:Journal Article
Year of Publication:1994
Authors:Guillot, J, Chermette, R, Gueho, E
Journal:Journal de Mycologie Medicale
Volume:4
Pagination:72-79
Date Published:1994
Keywords:Acinonyx jubatus, CARNIVORA, MAMMALIA
Abstract:

An investigation into the carriage of Malassezia yeasts on the skin of 271 domestic and 85 wild Mammals has been carried out. Ear samples were co1lected with sterile cotton tipped swabs. Skin was sampled by rubbing a piece of sterile fitted carpet. Sabouraud's glucose agar with addition of 0.05 p. 100 chloramphenicol and 0.05 p. 100 cycloheximide, and the same medium with 1 p. 100 olive oil were used for the cultures. The plates were incubated for one week at 32 ÀöC and 37 ÀöC, respectively. Among the 356 animals examined representative of 40 different species, 122 (34 p. 100) had Malassezia yeasts on the skin, especially in the external ear canal (27 p. 100). The prevalence of lipophilic yeasts was found particularly important in some animal species (29 p. 100 of cows, 36 p. 100 of cats, 57 p. 100 of pigs, 66 p. 100 of dogs and 75 p. 100 of 'pachyderms'). For these species, the presence of yeasts seemed to be correlated with the amount of lipids on the skin. In contrast, no Malassezia yeasts were recovered from Rodents, Lagomorphs and Insectivora. Most of the strains isolated from domestic and wild Carnivora (33 dogs, 18 cats, 2 bears, 2 fennecs and 2 ferrets) belonged to the non lipid dependent species Malassezia pachydermatitis. On the other hand, lipid dependent strains, hitherto correlated to the anthropophilic species Malassezia furfur, were recovered from 23 pigs, 7 elephants, 3 chimpanzees, 2 rhinoceros, 2 sheep, 1 cow, 1 cheetah and 1 okapi. No dermatological lesions were observed at the time of sampling, except for 18 dogs, 12 cats, 2 fennecs, 2 ferrets and 1 okapi suffering from otitis externa. The possible etiological role of Malassezia yeasts in animal cutaneous diseases is discussed.

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